German Shepherds are known for their intelligence, loyalty, and distinctive appearance. But one physical trait, in particular, has sparked considerable debate: their sloped backs. Why do some German Shepherds have this characteristic, and what does it mean for their health and well-being? Let’s dive into the world of German Shepherds to understand this controversial feature.
The History of the German Shepherd
To understand the sloped back, it’s helpful to know a bit about the history of the breed. German Shepherds were originally bred in Germany in the late 19th century by Max von Stephanitz. His goal was to create the perfect herding dog: intelligent, athletic, and capable of working long hours. Early German Shepherds had a more wolf-like appearance, with a leaner build and a straighter back.
The Breed Standard
The original breed standard for German Shepherds didn’t specify a visibly sloped back. Over time, however, the breed began to change. As German Shepherds transitioned from working dogs to show dogs, breeders started to select for certain aesthetic traits. This shift in focus led to the development of the sloped back we often see today.
The Rise of the Sloped Back
So, how did the sloped back become so prevalent? The answer lies in the selective breeding practices within the show dog community. Breeders began to favor dogs with a more angulated rear, which created the sloping appearance. This look was seen as desirable in the show ring, and it quickly became a defining characteristic of the breed for some.
The Controversy
The sloped back in German Shepherds isn’t without its critics. Many argue that this physical trait is not only aesthetically unappealing but also detrimental to the dog’s health. The controversy reached a boiling point after video footage surfaced of the 2016 winner of the Crufts competition, a German Shepherd struggling to move. Viewers questioned whether the exaggerated slope of the dog’s back was the reason for its obvious anxiety and hesitation.
Health Implications
One of the main concerns surrounding the sloped back is its potential impact on the dog’s musculoskeletal health. Research has shown that German Shepherds with sloped backs support more weight on their forelimbs, which can lead to a variety of health problems. These problems include:
- Hip and elbow dysplasia: These are common conditions in German Shepherds, and the sloped back may exacerbate the risk.
- Musculoskeletal pain: Dogs with sloped backs may experience pain and discomfort due to the uneven distribution of weight.
- Gait abnormalities: The sloped back can affect the way a dog moves, leading to an asymmetrical gait and other movement issues.
- Hawk Walk: This condition occurs when the angle of a German Shepherd’s lower spine is curved to a degree where it causes the ankle and not the foot to touch the ground.
Working Dogs vs. Show Dogs
It’s important to distinguish between German Shepherds bred for working purposes and those bred for show. Working dog breeders tend to focus on temperament, performance, and overall health, while show dog breeders often prioritize appearance. As a result, working line German Shepherds typically have straighter backs and are less prone to the health problems associated with the sloped back.
What the Research Says
New research from the School of Veterinary Science at the University of Surrey has shown that the movement of German Shepherd Dogs is dependent upon their shape, particularly their back slope. The study found that dogs with sloped backs support more weight on their forelimbs and place their limbs closer together while standing. The study also revealed unilateral differences in the movement of joints in the back limbs of the dogs, suggesting greater motion lop-sidedness in dogs with a more sloped back.
Dr. Constanza Gómez Álvarez, former Lecturer in Musculoskeletal Biology at the School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Surrey, said, “Those with a sloping back move differently, and not always in a symmetric way. These results highlight a link between sloping backs and the biomechanics of German Shepherd Dogs that may go some way in explaining the prevalence of clinical conditions in some dogs but not others, like hip and elbow dysplasia”.
Finding a Healthy German Shepherd
If you’re in the market for a German Shepherd, it’s crucial to do your research and find a reputable breeder. Look for breeders who prioritize health and temperament over appearance. A good breeder will conduct health tests on their dogs to screen for genetic weaknesses such as hip and elbow dysplasia, cardiac issues, autoimmune thyroiditis, degenerative myelopathy, and eye issues.
When evaluating a German Shepherd, pay close attention to its back. A healthy German Shepherd should have a relatively straight back with a gentle slope. Avoid dogs with an excessively sloped back, as this may indicate a higher risk of health problems.
The Role of Genetics
Genetics play a significant role in the development of the sloped back. If both parents have sloped backs, their puppies are more likely to inherit this trait. However, even German Shepherds with straighter backs can still have a genetic risk of dysplasia. Responsible breeders will carefully select their breeding pairs to minimize the risk of passing on undesirable traits.
The Importance of Exercise and Nutrition
Proper exercise and nutrition are essential for maintaining the health of any dog, but they’re especially important for German Shepherds with sloped backs. Regular exercise can help strengthen the muscles and support the joints, while a balanced diet can provide the nutrients needed for healthy bone and cartilage development.
A Matter of Personal Preference
Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to get a German Shepherd with a sloped back is a personal one. Some people find the sloped back aesthetically pleasing, while others prefer the look of a straighter-backed dog. However, it’s crucial to consider the potential health implications associated with the sloped back and make an informed decision based on the dog’s overall well-being.
Conclusion
The sloped back in German Shepherds is a controversial topic with a long history. While it may be considered a desirable trait in the show ring, it can also lead to a variety of health problems. If you’re considering getting a German Shepherd, do your research, find a reputable breeder, and prioritize health and temperament over appearance. By making an informed decision, you can help ensure that your German Shepherd lives a long, healthy, and happy life.