German Shepherds are known for their intelligence, loyalty, and boundless energy. To keep these amazing dogs happy and healthy, it’s essential to provide them with the right nutrition. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about feeding your German Shepherd at every stage of their life.
Understanding the Nutritional Needs of German Shepherds
German Shepherds are large and active dogs. They need a diet that supports their high energy levels and maintains their muscle mass. A balanced diet for a German Shepherd includes:
- Protein: Essential for muscle building and overall health. Adult German Shepherds need 20-25% protein in their diet. Puppies require a higher protein content, around 22-24%, to support their rapid growth. Good sources of protein include chicken, beef, fish, lamb, turkey, and eggs.
- Fats: Important for maintaining a healthy coat, cell function, and providing energy. German Shepherds need 10-15% fat in their diet. High-quality fats like fish oil or chicken fat are ideal.
- Carbohydrates: Provide energy, especially for active breeds. Good sources include rice, barley, and oats.
- Vitamins and Minerals: Play countless roles, from bone health to immune function.
German Shepherd Diet by Age
Newborn German Shepherd (0-2 Months)
During the first few weeks, puppies rely entirely on their mother’s milk for nutrition. If the mother is unable to provide milk, you can use a milk replacer.
German Shepherd Puppy Milk Chart:
| Puppy Age (Weeks) | Feedings Per Day | Amount Per Feeding | Time Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | 10-12 ml | Every 2 hours |
| 2 | 5 | 30-35 ml | Every 4-5 hours |
| 3 | 4 | 70-80 ml | Every 4-5 hours |
| 4 | 4 | 100-120 ml | Every 4-5 hours |
Growing German Shepherd (6-12 Months)
A growing German Shepherd needs about 1700 calories daily. Feed them three times a day with a diet that includes:
- 18% Protein
- 5% Fat
- High Fiber Food
- Vitamin C
Adult German Shepherd (1+ Years)
Adult German Shepherds are prone to obesity, so they need a diet lower in protein and fat, but richer in fiber. A moderate diet with regular exercise is key. A senior German Shepherd consumes around 1200 calories daily.
Feeding Schedule and Portions
- Puppies: 1 to 1.5 cups of dry kibble, divided into 4 to 6 meals per day.
- Adults: About 2.75 to 3 cups of dry kibble, spread over 2 to 3 meals per day for a 50-pound dog. This can go up to 5.25 cups per day for dogs weighing 90 pounds.
German Shepherds also need about an ounce of water per pound of body weight each day.
Choosing the Right Dog Food
When choosing dog food for your German Shepherd, look for high-quality ingredients that are easy to digest. Here are some tips:
- High-Quality Protein: Look for whole meat sources like chicken, beef, or fish as the primary ingredient.
- Healthy Fats: Ensure the food contains essential fatty acids for skin and coat health.
- Beneficial Carbohydrates: Choose whole grains like brown rice, barley, and oats for sustained energy.
- Avoid Fillers: Avoid foods with synthetic preservatives.
Foods to Avoid
Some foods are dangerous for German Shepherds and should be avoided:
- Chocolate
- Onions
- Grapes
- Avocados
- Products containing xylitol
- Macadamia nuts
- Horse chestnuts
- Black walnuts
Additional Tips
- Treats: Use nutritious, high-protein treats in moderation. Treats should not exceed 10% of their daily caloric intake.
- Supplements: Consider adding supplements like fish oil (Omega 3) for anti-inflammatory effects.
- Consult Your Vet: Always consult with your veterinarian to determine the best diet for your German Shepherd, based on their individual needs and health condition.
By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your German Shepherd receives the nutrition they need to live a long, healthy, and happy life.