As a German Shepherd owner, you’ve likely experienced the affectionate (and sometimes incessant) licks of your furry companion. While a little licking is normal, excessive licking can be a sign of underlying issues. Understanding the reasons behind this behavior can help you ensure your German Shepherd’s well-being and address any potential concerns.
Why Do German Shepherds Lick?
Licking is a natural behavior for dogs, serving various purposes from communication to self-soothing. German Shepherds, known for their intelligence and sensitivity, may lick for a multitude of reasons, rooted in instinct, emotion, and even health.
Communication and Affection
Like other dogs, German Shepherds use licking as a primary communication tool. The reasons include:
- Submission: Licking can be a sign of submission or respect towards humans or other animals.
- Affection: Licking is a way for German Shepherds to show affection to their owners. They may lick your face, hands, or feet as a sign of love and bonding.
- Attention-Seeking: Sometimes, dogs lick to get their owner’s attention. If they learn that licking gets them a reaction, they may repeat the behavior.
Self-Soothing and Comfort
Licking releases endorphins in dogs, helping them feel calm and comforted. For German Shepherds, a breed known for its intelligence and sensitivity, licking can be a self-soothing mechanism, especially in stressful situations. They might lick themselves, objects, or even you to alleviate anxiety or boredom.
Exploration and Taste
German Shepherds are naturally inquisitive and love exploring the world around them with their powerful sense of smell. They may lick objects or people to explore new tastes and textures. They may also like the salty taste of their owner’s skin.
When Licking Becomes a Concern
While some licking is normal, excessive licking can indicate underlying medical or behavioral issues. It’s important to monitor the frequency, context, and intensity of your German Shepherd’s licking to determine if it’s a cause for concern.
Medical Reasons for Excessive Licking
- Allergies: Allergies, whether food-related or environmental, are a common cause of excessive paw licking in German Shepherds. When a dog is exposed to an allergen, its body releases histamines, which can cause inflammation, itching, and discomfort, often leading to licking.
- Skin Infections or Irritations: Skin issues are prevalent triggers for excessive paw licking. Bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infections can cause itchiness, pain, and inflammation, prompting your dog to lick the affected area.
- Arthritis or Joint Pain: As German Shepherds age, they can become susceptible to conditions like arthritis, leading to joint pain and inflammation. They may lick or gently nibble to alleviate the discomfort.
- Underlying Medical Issues: Sometimes, persistent licking can be a sign of more profound medical issues, such as thyroid imbalances or autoimmune disorders. These conditions can lead to skin sensitivities, making the paws itch or feel uncomfortable.
- Gastrointestinal Issues: Upset stomach, reflux, or nausea can also cause excessive licking. A dog might lick strange surfaces, the air, or their flanks or abdomen to relieve the GI pain.
Behavioral Reasons for Excessive Licking
- Anxiety or Stress: German Shepherds may turn to licking as a coping mechanism for stress or anxiety. Environmental changes, lack of exercise, or boredom can be triggers.
- Boredom or Habit: If a German Shepherd is bored or lacks mental stimulation, they may develop a habit of excessive licking.
- Attention-Seeking: If your dog learns that licking gets them attention, they may continue the behavior to get a reaction from you.
Identifying the Cause of Excessive Licking
If you’re concerned about your German Shepherd’s licking behavior, it’s important to identify the underlying cause. Here are some steps you can take:
- Consult Your Veterinarian: The first step should always be to rule out potential medical conditions by taking your pup to the vet for a checkup. Your veterinarian can perform diagnostic tests to identify allergies, infections, or other health issues.
- Observe the Licking Behavior: Pay attention to when, where, and how often your German Shepherd licks. Note any patterns or triggers that seem to induce the behavior.
- Assess Your Dog’s Environment: Look for potential stressors or environmental irritants that may be contributing to the licking.
- Consider Dietary Changes: If you suspect a food allergy, talk to your veterinarian about trying a special diet to rule out food sensitivities.
- Evaluate Your Dog’s Mental and Physical Stimulation: Ensure your German Shepherd is getting enough exercise, mental stimulation, and social interaction.
How to Address Excessive Licking
The approach to addressing excessive licking depends on the underlying cause. Here are some strategies you can try:
- Treat Medical Conditions: If the licking is due to a medical condition, work with your veterinarian to develop an appropriate treatment plan. This may include medications, dietary changes, or other therapies.
- Manage Allergies: Identify and avoid allergens that trigger your dog’s licking. Your veterinarian may recommend allergy testing or immunotherapy.
- Address Anxiety and Stress: Create a calm and stable environment for your dog and address any anxiety issues. Provide a safe space where they can retreat when feeling overwhelmed.
- Increase Exercise and Mental Stimulation: A well-rounded exercise plan that includes walks, runs, and playtime can help keep your pup mentally and physically healthy. Interactive toys, puzzle feeders, and training sessions can also provide mental stimulation.
- Redirect Licking Behavior: When you see your dog licking excessively, redirect their attention to a more appropriate activity, such as playing with a toy or practicing a command.
- Use Positive Reinforcement: Reward your dog for not licking with treats, praise, or attention.
- Consult a Professional: If the licking is severe or difficult to manage, consider working with a professional dog trainer or behaviorist.
Conclusion
Licking is a common behavior in German Shepherds, serving various purposes from communication to self-soothing. However, excessive licking can be a sign of underlying medical or behavioral issues. By understanding the reasons behind this behavior and taking steps to address any potential concerns, you can help ensure your German Shepherd’s well-being and strengthen your bond. Remember to consult with your veterinarian to rule out medical causes and develop an appropriate treatment plan.