One of the most recognizable features of a German Shepherd is their erect, pointy ears. So, it can be concerning when you notice your German Shepherd’s ears are down. While floppy ears can sometimes be cause for concern, many reasons exist why a German Shepherd’s ears might not stand up straight. Let’s explore why your German Shepherd’s ears might be down and what it could mean for their health and development.
The Development of German Shepherd Ears
German Shepherds are born with soft, floppy ears because the cartilage and muscles in their ears haven’t fully developed yet. Their ears don’t open to receive sound until they are about one week old. Typically, a German Shepherd’s ears will start to stand up between 6 and 10 weeks of age as their bones and muscles strengthen. By the time they are 4 to 5 months old, their ears should be up. However, if the ears haven’t stood up by 8 months old, they probably won’t.
Common Reasons for Floppy Ears in German Shepherds
Many factors can contribute to a German Shepherd’s ears being down. It’s essential to consider these potential causes to determine whether you need to take action.
Teething
Puppies go through a teething period where their baby teeth fall out, and their adult teeth grow in. This starts at around three weeks old and ends around 4-6 months of age, but it can take longer. During this time, a puppy’s body requires extra calcium to support tooth growth. Their body might draw calcium from other areas, like the ears, weakening the cartilage and causing them to flop. During teething, their ears might be up one day and floppy the next, or even change throughout the day. This is usually temporary, and their ears should return to their original shape once their hormones calm down.
It is also worth noting that you should avoid supplementing calcium during this period because it can be harmful to their joints.
Genetics
If your German Shepherd’s ears have always been floppy, it could be due to genetics. Although most German Shepherds have upright ears, some can have floppy or semi-pricked ears. Ear shape, like coat length, eye color, and coat color, is affected by genetics. Weak ears can be a genetic trait.
Breeding Practices
A German Shepherd’s ears can also be floppy due to breeding practices. The American Kennel Club’s breed standard states that their ears should be moderately pointed, in proportion to the skull, open toward the front, and carried erect when at attention. Some breeders might try to breed German Shepherds with ears as large and pointy as possible to sell “show-quality” pups. However, their ears can sometimes get too big to hold themselves up, causing them to flop.
Poor Nutrition
Calcium is needed to develop and strengthen the cartilage in the ears, and Vitamin D is needed to keep bones healthy and strong. If a dog was deficient in Vitamin D and/or calcium as a puppy, their ears might not develop properly, and they could flop permanently. This is especially common in rescue dogs that come from puppy farms or neglectful backgrounds. Other symptoms of calcium and Vitamin D deficiencies include muscle spasms and joint issues. Nutrient deficiencies can be deadly and require urgent veterinary attention, including special diets and supplements.
Poor Hygiene
A build-up of wax, debris, or dirt can make the ears heavy and cause them to droop. If this occurs throughout a German Shepherd’s puppyhood, it can prevent the bones and muscles in their ears from developing properly, and they can flop permanently.
Ear Infections
Ear infections, either bacterial or fungal, can cause the affected ear to droop. Other symptoms of ear infections include redness, swelling, irritation, discharge, and excessive head shaking or scratching at the ear. Vets can treat ear infections with antibacterial or antifungal medications, but they need to be treated quickly before they spread or cause permanent damage.
Trauma
Physical trauma to the ears can also cause them to droop. The most common trauma that causes changes to the shape of the ears in German Shepherds are bites from fighting with other dogs. If your dog has a visible injury to their ear, you should take them to see their vet to check it over and dress any wounds to prevent infection.
Ear Mites
Ear mites can be picked up outdoors or from coming into contact with another animal with the condition. The inflammation from the infestation can cause droopiness in the affected ear. Other symptoms include excessive itchiness, and redness, bleeding, and swelling from the constant scratching. They can be treated with topical anti-parasitic medications. If left untreated, the infestation can cause disease, which can lead to hearing loss and balance issues.
What Does It Mean When My German Shepherd’s Ears Go Down?
Dogs communicate with their bodies, including their ears. When their ears go back or downwards, it could mean they are listening, or it could indicate excitement or anxiety. When their ears are in their natural position, it means they are happy and/or relaxed.
What To Do
If your German Shepherd’s ears are down, there are several things you can do.
Consult Your Veterinarian
If you’re concerned about your German Shepherd’s floppy ears, the first step is to consult with your veterinarian. They can help determine the underlying cause of the floppy ears and recommend the best course of treatment.
Maintain Good Hygiene
If poor hygiene is the reason for your German Shepherd’s floppy ears, you should improve your ear care routine. Typically, German Shepherds don’t need regular ear care because they have upright ears. However, allergies and hormone imbalances can cause disruptions, meaning they require some extra care.
Taping
If your German Shepherd’s ears are not up by 4-5 months of age, they need to be posted.
Conclusion
While erect ears are a hallmark of the German Shepherd breed, floppy ears can occur for various reasons. Understanding the potential causes can help you determine the appropriate course of action, whether improving hygiene, seeking veterinary care, or simply accepting your dog’s unique features. If you’re concerned about your German Shepherd’s ears, consulting with your veterinarian is always the best approach.